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|
A |
|
| 癌基因 | oncogene |
| 艾滋病 | acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome，AIDS |
| 氨喋呤 | anminopterin |
| 氨基甲酰磷酸合成酶Ⅰ | carbamoyl phosphate synthetase Ⅰ, CPS-Ⅰ |
| 氨基末端 | amino terminal |
| 氨基酸 | amino acid |
| 氨基酸接纳茎 | acceptor stem |
| 氨基酸序列 | amino acid sequence |
| δ-氨基-γ-酮戊酸 | δ—aminolevulinic acid，ALA |
| 氨基酰-tRNA合成酶 | aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase |
| 氨基酰位 | aminoacyl site |
| 氨基转移酶 | aminotransferase |
| 氨甲喋呤 | methotrexate, MTX |
| 氨肽酶,氨基肽酶 | aminopeptidase |
| 胺氧化酶 | amine oxidase |
|
B |
|
| 巴士德 | Pastuer |
| 靶细胞 | target cell |
| 白化病 | albinism |
| 白三烯 | leukotrienes，LTs |
| 摆动性 | wobble |
| 斑点印迹 | bot blotting |
| 半保留复制 | semi-conservative replication |
| 半不连续复制 | semi-discontinuous replication |
| 半胱氨酸 | cysteine |
| 半乳糖 | galactose, Gal |
| 伴侣素 | chaperonins |
| 包涵体 | inclusion body |
| 胞苷 | cytidine |
| 胞嘧啶 | cytosine，C |
| 胞质小RNA | small cytoplasmic RNA，scRNA |
| 保守性转座 | conservative transposition |
| 苯丙氨酸羟化酶 | phenylalanine hydroxylase |
| 苯酮酸尿症 | phenyl ketonuria, PKU |
| 吡哆胺 | pyridoxamine |
| 吡哆醇 | pyridoxine |
| 吡哆醛 | pyridoxal |
| 必需氨基酸 | essential amino acid |
| 必需基团 | essential group |
| 必需激活剂 | essential activator |
| 编码链 | coding strand |
| 变构部位 | allosteric site |
| 变构调节 | allosteric regulation |
| 变构激活剂 | allosteric activator |
| 变构酶 | allosteric enzyme |
| 变构效应 | allosteric effect |
| 变构效应剂 | allosteric effector |
| 变构抑制剂 | allosteric inhibitor |
| 变性 | denaturation |
| 变性梯度胶电泳 | denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, DGGE |
| 辨认位点 | recognition site |
| 标志补救 | marker rescue |
| 表达载体 | expression vector |
| 表构酶 | epimerase |
| 表观Km值 | apparent Km |
| 表面效应 | surface effect |
| 别嘌呤醇 | allopurinol |
| 丙氨酸－葡萄糖循环 | alanine-glucose cycle |
| 丙酮 | acetone |
| 丙酮酸 | pyruvate |
| 丙酮酸激酶 | pyruvate kinase |
| 丙酮酸羧化酶 | pyruvate carboxylase |
| 病毒癌基因 | virus oncogene，v-onc |
| 卟啉症 | porphyria |
| 补救合成途径 | salvage pathway |
| 不对称转录 | asymmetric transcription |
| 不可逆性抑制作用 | irreversible inhibition |
|
C |
|
| 参入 | incorporation |
| 残基 | residue |
| 残粒 | remnant |
| 操纵序列 | operator |
| 操纵子 | operon |
| 侧翼区 | flanking region |
| 层析 | chromatography |
| 层粘连蛋白 | laminin,Ln |
| 插入 | insertion |
| 插入序列 | insertion sequences, IS |
| 长末端重复序列 | long terminal repeat, LTR |
| 长萜醇 | dolichol |
| 肠肝循环 | bilinogen enterohepatic circulation,enterohepatic circulation |
| 超螺旋结构 | superhelix, supercoil |
| 超敏位点 | hypersensitive site |
| 超速离心 | ultra-centrifuge |
| 超速离心法 | ultracentrifugation |
| 超氧物歧化酶 | superoxide dismutase, SOD |
| 沉降系数 | sedimentation coefficient,S |
| 成肽 | peptide bond formation |
| 初级胆汁酸 | primary bile acids |
| 初级转录产物 | primary transcripts |
| 储脂细胞 | lipocyte |
| 串联酶 | tandem enzyme |
| 锤头结构 | hammerbead structure |
| 醇脱氢酶 | alcohol dehydrogenase, ADH |
| 次黄核苷 | inosine，I |
| 次黄嘌呤 | inosine |
| 次黄嘌呤核苷酸 | inosine monphosphate, IMP |
| 次黄嘌呤核苷酸转移酶 | adenine phosphoribosyl transferase, APRT |
| 次级胆汁酸 | secondary bile acids |
| 从头合成途径 | de novo synthesis |
| 促红细胞生成素 | erythropoietin，EPO |
| 催化基团 | catalytic group |
| 催化型受体 | catalytic receptor |
| 催化性DNA | DNAzyme |
| 催化性RNA | catalytic RNA |
| 催化性小RNA | small catalytic RNA |
| 脆性X综合征 | fragile X syndrome |
| 脆性位点 | fragile site |
| 错配 | mismatch |
|
D |
|
| 大沟 | major groove |
| 代谢库 | metabolic pool |
| 单胺氧化酶 | monoamine oxidase, MAO |
| 单纯酶 | simple enzyme |
| 单核苷酸多态性 | single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs |
| 单链DNA结合蛋白 | single stranded DNA binding protein, SSB |
| 单链构象多态性 | single strand conformation polymorphism, SSCP |
| 单顺反子 | monocistron |
| 单体酶 | monomeric enzyme |
| 胆 | chole |
| 胆钙化醇 | cholecalciferol |
| 胆固醇 | cholesterol |
| 胆固醇7a-羟化酶 | cholesterol 7a-hydroxylase |
| 胆固醇流出调节蛋白 | cholesterol-efflux regulatory protein, CERP |
| 胆固醇酯酶 | cholesteryl esterase |
| 胆红素 | bilirubin |
| 胆红素脑病 | bilirubin encephalopathy |
| 胆碱 | choline |
| 胆碱酯酶 | choline esterase |
| 胆绿素 | biliverdin |
| 胆绿素还原酶 | biliverdin reductase |
| 胆囊胆汁 | gallbladder bile |
| 胆色素 | bile pigment |
| 胆色素原 | prophobilinogen，PBG |
| 胆素 | bilin |
| 胆素原 | bilinogen |
| 胆酸 | cholic acid |
| 胆盐 | bile salts |
| 胆汁 | bile |
| 胆汁酸 | bile acids |
| 弹性蛋白酶 | elastase |
| 蛋白二硫键异构酶 | protein disulfide isomerase，PDI |
| 蛋白激酶C | protein kinase C， PKC |
| 蛋白聚糖 | proteoglycan |
| 蛋白聚糖聚合物 | aggrecan |
| 蛋白磷酸酶 | protein phophatase |
| 蛋白酶 | protease |
| 蛋白酶体 | proteasome，proteosome |
| 蛋白质 | protein |
| 蛋白质表达 | protein expression |
| 蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用 | protein-protein interaction |
| 蛋白质的靶向输送 | protein targeting |
| 蛋白质的凝固作用 | protein coagulation |
| 蛋白质数据库 | protein databases |
| DNA-蛋白质相互作用 | DNA-protein interaction |
| 蛋白质芯片 | protein chip |
| 蛋白质印迹技术 | Western blotting |
| 蛋白质转换 | protein turnover |
| 蛋白质组 | proteome |
| 蛋白质组学 | Proteomics |
| 氮平衡 | nitrogen balance |
| 倒位酶 | invertase |
| 等电点 | isoelectric point，pI |
| 等位基因特异寡核苷酸 | allele-specific ologonucleotide，ASO |
| 低血糖 | diabetes mellitus |
| 低血糖症 | hypoglycemia |
| 底物 | substrate |
| 底物水平磷酸化 | substrate-level phosphorylation |
| 底物循环 | substrate cycle |
| 地心引力 | gravity |
| 第二信使 | secondary messenger |
| 点突变 | point mutation |
| 电穿孔 | electroporation |
| 电喷雾质谱 | electrospray ionization mass spectrometry，ESI-MS |
| 电泳 | electrophoresis |
| 电子传递链 | electron transfer chain |
| 淀粉 | starch |
| α-淀粉酶 | α-amylase |
| 凋亡 | apoptosis |
| 调节部位 | regulatory site |
| 调节酶 | regulatory enzymes |
| 调节子 | regulon |
| 定位候选基因克隆策略 | positional candidate gene approaches |
| 定位克隆 | positional cloning |
| 定向排列 | orientation arrange |
| 杜氏肌营养不良症 | duchenne muscular dystrophy，DMD |
| 端粒 | telomere |
| 端粒酶RNA | human telomerase RNA，hTR |
| 端粒酶逆转录酶 | human telomerase reverse transcriptase，hTRT |
| 端粒酶协同蛋白1 | human telomerase associated protein 1，hTP1 |
| 短串联重复序列 | short tandem repeat |
| 断裂基因 | splite gene |
| 钝性未端 | blunt end |
| 多胺 | polyamines |
| 多巴胺 | dopamine |
| 多不饱和脂酸 | polyunsaturated fatty acid |
| 多功能酶 | multifunctional enzyme |
| 多核糖体 | polyribosome |
| 多接头克隆位点 | polylinker cloning sites |
| 多聚核蛋白体 | polysome |
| 多聚核苷酸 | polynucleotides |
| 多聚体 | polymer |
| 多聚脱氧核苷酸 | polydeoxynucleotides |
| 多酶体系 | multienzyme system |
| 多顺反子 | polycistron |
| 多顺反子mRNA | polycistronic mRNA |
| 多态性 | polymorphism |
| 多肽 | polypeptide |
| 多肽链 | polypeptide chain |
| 多样性片段 | diversity segment |
| 多元催化 | multielement catalysis |
|
E |
|
| 鹅膏蕈碱 | amanitin |
| 鹅脱氧胆酸 | chenodeoxycholic acid |
| 儿茶酚胺 | catecholamine |
| 二次转酯反应 | twice transesterification |
| 二级结构 | secondary structure |
| 二甲基丙烯焦磷酸 | 3,3-dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, DPP |
| 二聚化 | dimerization |
| 二聚体 | dimer |
| 二氢叶酸合成酶 | dihydrofolic acid synthetase |
| 二氢叶酸还原酶 | dihydrofolate reductase |
| 二巯基丙醇 | British anti-Lewisite,proteosome， BAL |
| 二十二碳六烯酸 | docosahexaenoic acid, DHA |
| 二十碳五烯酸 | eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA |
| 二肽酶 | dipeptidase |
| 二硝基苯酚 | dinitrophenol,DNP |
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