细胞筛选平台在人类功能基因组研究中的应用

中文摘要：

        人类基因组全序列的精细图已完成，当前生命科学面临的重要任务就是如何将基因组序列信息转化为基因的功能信息，了解生命活动的分子机理，改善人类健康，为生物技术发展提供动力  .  在一系列功能基因组研究新技术中，高通量  (high-throughput)  和高内涵  (high-content)  的细胞筛选技术平台已经显示出巨大潜力，发挥着越来越重要的作用  .  通过在体外培养的哺乳动物细胞中基因过表达或抑制基因表达，分析所产生信号传导通路和  /  或细胞表型改变，可以直接发现基因功能  .  近年来一些技术上的进展，使细胞筛选平台具有微量、自动、高效、高通量，以及可以系统研究的特点，已经成为功能基因组研究的核心方法之一  .  近  2~3  年来已经出现一批成功应用细胞筛选平台进行大规模功能基因组研究的报道  .  我国在这一领域的研究也开始起步，将对我国生物技术的源头创新研究产生深远的影响  .

英文摘要：

        After  the  full  sequence  map  of  human  genome  has  been  completed,  the  great  challenges  for  the  life  scientists  is  how  to  transform  the  genomic  sequence  into  gene  function  information,  to  elucidate  the  molecular  mechanism  of  biological  process,  to  improve  human  health  and  supply  impetus  powers  to  the  progression  of  biotechnology.  Among  the  series  of  novel  functional  genomic  technologies,  high-throughput  and  high-content  cell-based  screen  platforms  have  showed  enormous  potential  and  will  play  more  and  more  important  roles  in  human  functional  genomics  research.  By  overexpression  or  knock-down  of  genes  in  cultured  mammalian  cells  in  vitro  and  analysing  the  consequent  changes  in  signal  transduction  pathways  and/or  cell  phenotypes,  gene  functions  can  be  identified  directly.  With  the  recent  technique  progresses,  the  cell-based  screening  assays  can  possess  the  characteristics  of  miniaturization,  automation,  high  efficiency,  high-throughput  and  feasibility,  and  have  become  one  of  the  pivotal  methods  in  functional  genomics.  In  the  last  2~3  years,  the  successful  applications  of  cell-based  screen  technology  in  large-scale  functional  genomics  research  have  been  reported  in  the  literatures.  In  China,  investigation  in  this  field  has  been  set  out,  and  it  will  have  profound  influences  on  boosting  the  R  &  D  of  Chinese  biotechnology.   (责任编辑：泉水)

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细胞筛选平台在人类功能基因组研究中的应用