10X Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS):

To prepare 1 liter,

Na₂HPO₄ --------------------- 10.9 g

NaH₂PO₄ --------------------- 3.2 g

NaCl --------------------------- 90 g

Distilled water -------------- 1000 ml

Mix to dissolve and adjust pH to 7.4

0.2M Citric Acid:

To prepare 100 ml,

Citric acid (monohydrate) ------ 4.2 g

Distilled water -------------------- 100 ml

0.2M Sodium Citrate Buffer (fresh):

To prepare 100 ml,

Sodium citrate (dihydrate) ------ 5.88 g

Distilled water --------------------- 100 ml

Adjust pH to 7.4 with 0.2M citric acid (keeps refrigerated).

Fixative (4% Paraformaldehyde and 0.5% Glutaraldehyde in 0.1M PB):

To prepare 1 liter,

Paraformaldedyde -------------- 40 g

0.1M PB --------------------------- 1000 ml

Heat to 65 C. Add a few drops of 1N NaOH to clear the solution. Stir to dissolve. Filter the solution and add 10 ml of 50% glutaraldehyde.

Post-fixative (1% Osmium Tetroxide in 0.1M PB):

To prepare 20 ml,

4% osmium tetroxide ---------- 5 ml

0.2M PB --------------------------- 5 ml

0.1M PB -------------------------- 10 ml

2% Glutaraldehyde in PBS:

To prepare 100 ml,

50% glutaraldyhyde ------------ 4 ml

PBS -------------------------------- 100 ml