Bays and Wolpert examined our ability to predict and oppose external forces in order to maintain limb or body position. They chose a bimanual task in which a force was applied to the left hand based on the velocity of the right hand. Subjects learned to predict and oppose the force to keep the left hand steady. This task dissociates the representation of the motion that determined the force from the representation of the force itself. After practice reduced the errors in left-hand position, the authors made life complicated by altering the joint configuration of the right or left arm. Interesting, the learned transformation from movement to force involved different coordinate systems for the two hands. The right hand movement was represented as "extrinsic" coordinates, related to the hand velocity, whereas the force generated in the left hand was represented as "intrinsic" coordinates related to expected joint torque #### Tips from The Journal of Neurosciences. Paul M. Bays and Daniel M. Wolpert Contact: Sara Harris Society for Neuroscience (责任编辑:泉水) |